← All 34 issues

Cost of Living, Housing & Economy

Tax & Fee Burdens

People vote with U-Hauls. The exodus from high-tax states is measurable in IRS migration data.

The Stakes

A retired teacher and her husband loved their state, raised their kids there, paid into it for forty years. Then they added it up: state income tax, the rising property tax on a home they already own outright, the fees stacked on every license and permit. They did the math and rented the U-Haul. They aren't tax protesters. They're a household that finally couldn't make the numbers work — and the income they earned and would have spent locally now lands in another state's economy.

The Receipts

Every figure cites a primary federal source. Tap a chip to check it yourself.

Net income leaving high-tax statesIRS county-to-county migration data shows billions in adjusted gross income flowing out of the highest-tax states each year.

IRS SOI

Inflows to low/no-tax statesThe same IRS data shows that income consistently lands in states with no income tax, like Florida, Texas, and Tennessee.

IRS SOI

Census confirms the directionCensus population estimates corroborate the move: high-tax states lost residents while low-tax states grew.

Census

Tax climate is namedSurveys of movers repeatedly cite cost of living and taxes among the top reasons for leaving high-tax states.

Census

Fee creep below the headlineBeyond income tax, the burden compounds through property taxes, licensing fees, and permit costs that rarely make the headline rate.

Census

Their Best Argument — and Why It Fails

The steelman

Migration is driven by more than taxes — climate, jobs, family, and the lower housing costs in fast-growing states all pull people south and west. Low-tax states often have worse schools, thinner safety nets, and underfunded services, so cutting taxes can mean cutting the very things that make a state worth living in. You get what you pay for, and the IRS data can't isolate taxes from all those other factors.

The rebuttal

Of course migration is multi-causal — but the IRS data isn't random noise: income flows systematically from high-tax states to no-income-tax states, year after year, in a pattern weather alone can't explain (people leave temperate California for hot Texas). The "you get what you pay for" claim assumes spending equals quality, yet many high-tax states post worse outcomes per dollar than low-tax ones — the money isn't buying better results, it's buying bigger bureaucracies and pension obligations. And the cost-of-living pull is partly self-inflicted: the same states with high taxes also tend to have the regulations that make housing scarce and expensive. The lesson isn't to abolish all taxes; it's that a state losing taxpayers should treat it as a warning to control spending and the burden, not as a signal to raise rates on those who remain.

The Conservative Fix

  1. 1

    Adopt taxpayer bills of rights or spending caps that limit state budget growth to population plus inflation.

    State
  2. 2

    Phase down state income tax rates funded by spending restraint, not by new fees.

    State
  3. 3

    Audit and cap the licensing and permit fees that quietly stack on top of headline tax rates.

    State / Local
  4. 4

    Reform public-pension obligations driving long-run tax pressure before they force rate hikes.

    State

Answer the Muster

Who decides this: Your state legislators and governor

I'm a constituent in [district]. IRS migration data shows taxpayers and their income leaving high-tax states for low-tax ones year after year. I'm asking [Official] to support spending caps and lower tax and fee burdens so families and their paychecks stay here. Where does [Official] stand on capping the growth of state spending?